Kayayyaki

PIPES [piperazine-N, N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)] ana yawan amfani dashi azaman wakili na buffering a biochemistry.Yana da buffer ethanesulfonic acid wanda Good et al.a cikin 1960s.PIPES yana da pKa kusa da pH na ilimin lissafi wanda ya sa ya zama mai amfani a aikin al'adar tantanin halitta.An rubuta shi don rage asarar lipid lokacin buffering glutaraldehyde histology a cikin tsire-tsire da nama na dabba.Wakilin buffering tare da pKa kusa da pH na jiki.

Antimicrobial peptide magainin 2 yana samar da pores a cikin membranes na lipid kuma yana haifar da lalatawar membrane na abun ciki na salula.Ko da yake wannan ratsawar mai yiwuwa shine babban sanadin ayyukansa na ƙwayoyin cuta, tsarin samuwar pore ya kasance da ƙarancin fahimta.Don haka mun bincika dalla-dalla game da hulɗar magainin 2 tare da membranes na lipid ta hanyar amfani da katuwar unilamellar vesicles (GUVs).Haɗewar magainin 2 zuwa ƙwayar lipid na GUVs ya ƙãra canjin juzu'i a cikin yanki na membrane, δ, wanda ya yi daidai da girman girman magainin 2, X. Wannan yana nuna cewa yawan adadin magain 2 ya haifar da biyu. -motsi na jiha daga yanayin da ba daidai ba zuwa yanayin pore ya karu sosai tare da karuwa a cikin δ.Tashin hankali na membran lipid bayan buri na GUV shima ya kunna maginin 2-induced pore samuwar.Don bayyana wurin magainin 2, an bincika hulɗar carboxyfluorescein (CF) -mai suna magainin 2 (CF-magain 2) tare da GUV guda ɗaya wanda ke ɗauke da bincike mai saurin ruwa mai narkewa, AF647, ta hanyar amfani da microscopy.Idan babu tashin hankali saboda sha'awar, bayan hulɗar magainin 2, ƙarfin haske na GUV rim saboda CF-magainin 2 ya karu da sauri zuwa matsayi mai mahimmanci, wanda ya kasance mai tsayi na dogon lokaci, kuma a 4-32 s kafin. farkon yayyo na AF647 girman gefen ya fara karuwa da sauri zuwa wani tsayayyen darajar.Sabanin haka, a gaban tashin hankali, babu wani karuwa a cikin ƙwanƙwasawa kafin a fara ɗigon ruwa.Waɗannan sakamakon suna nuna cewa magainin 2 ba zai iya canzawa daga waje zuwa monolayer na ciki ba har sai gabanin samuwar pore.Dangane da waɗannan sakamakon, mun kammala cewa maginin 2-induced pore ne mai buɗewa- kunna pore kuma shimfiɗar monolayer na ciki shine babban ƙarfin haifar da pore.