Kayayyaki

L-Ascorbic Acid, Calcium Ascorbate, Magnesium Ascorbate, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Sodium Ascorbate, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate aiki a cikin kwaskwarima formulations da farko a matsayin antioxidants.Ascorbic acid ana kiransa da yawa Vitamin C. Ana amfani da ascorbic acid azaman maganin antioxidant da pH mai daidaitawa a cikin manyan nau'ikan kayan kwalliya iri-iri, sama da 3/4 waɗanda sune rina gashi da launuka a ƙima tsakanin 0.3% da 0.6%.Don wasu amfani, ƙididdigar da aka ruwaito sun kasance ko dai sun yi ƙasa sosai (<0.01%) ko a cikin kewayon 5% zuwa 10%.Calcium Ascorbate da Magnesium Ascorbate an kwatanta su a matsayin antioxidants da masu sanyaya fata - iri-iri don amfani da kayan kwalliya, amma ba a yi amfani da su a halin yanzu.Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate yana aiki azaman antioxidant a cikin samfuran kayan kwalliya kuma ana amfani dashi a yawan adadin daga 0.01% zuwa 3%.Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate yana aiki azaman antioxidant a cikin kayan shafawa kuma an ba da rahoton cewa ana amfani da shi a ƙima daga 0.001% zuwa 3%.Sodium Ascorbate kuma yana aiki azaman antioxidant a cikin kayan kwalliya a ƙima daga 0.0003% zuwa 0.3%.Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa (Ascorbyl Palmitate, Ascorbyl Dipalmitate, Ascorbyl Stearate, Erythorbic Acid, da Sodium Erythorbate) an sake duba su a baya ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kaya (CIR) kuma ta sami "aminci don amfani azaman kayan kwalliyar kayan kwalliya a cikin ayyukan yanzu masu kyau. amfani."Ascorbic acid gabaɗaya sanannen abu ne mai aminci (GRAS) don amfani dashi azaman ma'auni na sinadarai a cikin abinci kuma azaman mai gina jiki da/ko kari na abinci.Calcium Ascorbate da Sodium Ascorbate an jera su azaman abubuwan GRAS don amfani azaman abubuwan kiyaye sinadarai.L-Ascorbic Acid yana shirye kuma an sake jujjuya shi zuwa L-dehydroascorbic acid kuma duka nau'ikan suna wanzuwa cikin ma'auni a cikin jiki.Matsakaicin adadin Ascorbic Acid gabaɗaya da cire fatar linzamin kwamfuta sun kasance 3.43 +/- 0.74 microg/cm(2)/h da 33.2 +/- 5.2 microg/cm(2)/h.M na baka da kuma karatun mahaifa a cikin mice, berayen, zomaye, aladun Guinea, karnuka, da kuliyoyi sun nuna ƙarancin guba.Ascorbic Acid da Sodium Ascorbate sun yi aiki azaman mai hana nitrosation a cikin binciken abinci da kayan kwalliya da yawa.Ba a sami alamun alamun asibiti da ke da alaƙa ko babban ko ƙananan tasirin cutar sankara ba a cikin ko dai beraye, beraye, ko aladu na Guinea a cikin ɗan gajeren nazari.Aladu na Guinea sun ciyar da abincin basal mai sarrafawa kuma an ba su har zuwa 250 MG Ascorbic Acid a baki na tsawon makonni 20 suna da irin wannan haemoglobin, glucose na jini, ƙarfe na jini, ƙarfe na hanta, da matakan glycogen hanta idan aka kwatanta da ƙimar sarrafawa.Namiji da mace F344/N berayen da B6C3F(1) berayen an ciyar da abinci mai ɗauke da har zuwa 100,000 ppm Ascorbic Acid na makonni 13 tare da ɗan guba.Nazarin ciyarwar Ascorbic Acid na yau da kullun ya nuna sakamako mai guba a cikin allurai sama da 25 MG / kg nauyin jiki (bw) a cikin berayen da aladu.Ƙungiyoyin berayen maza da mata da aka ba su kowace rana har zuwa 2000 mg/kg bw Ascorbic Acid tsawon shekaru 2 ba su da macro- ko microscopically gano raunuka masu guba.Mice da aka ba Ascorbic Acid subcutaneous da intravenous allurai na yau da kullun (500 zuwa 1000 mg/kg bw) na tsawon kwanaki 7 ba su da canje-canje a cikin ci, riba mai nauyi, da halayyar gabaɗaya;kuma binciken tarihi na gabobin daban-daban bai nuna wani canji ba.Ascorbic acid ya kasance mai kare hoto lokacin da aka shafa akan beraye da fatar alade kafin fallasa hasken ultraviolet (UV).Har ila yau, an lura da hanawar UV da ke haifar da rashin jin daɗi.Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate Gudanarwa nan da nan bayan fallasa a cikin berayen marasa gashi sun jinkirta samuwar ƙwayar cuta ta fata da hyperplasia wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar ta UV na yau da kullun.An ba da berayen masu ciki da berayen yau da kullun na baka na Ascorbic Acid har zuwa 1000 mg/kg bw ba tare da alamun manya-mai guba, teratogenic, ko tasirin fetotoxic ba.Ascorbic Acid da Sodium Ascorbate ba su kasance genotoxic ba a yawancin tsarin gwajin ƙwayoyin cuta da na dabbobi masu shayarwa, daidai da kaddarorin antioxidant na waɗannan sinadarai.A gaban wasu tsarin enzyme ko ions karfe, an ga shaidar genotoxicity.The National Toxicology Program (NTP) ya gudanar da shekaru 2 carcinogenesis bioassay na Ascorbic Acid (25,000 da 50,000 ppm) a cikin berayen F344/N da B6C3F (1).Ascorbic acid ba carcinogenic ba ne a cikin jinsin berayen da berayen.An ba da rahoton hanawa na carcinogenesis da haɓakar ƙari mai alaƙa da abubuwan antioxidant na Ascorbic Acid.An nuna Sodium Ascorbate don inganta ci gaban ciwon daji na urinary a cikin nazarin carcinogenesis na mataki biyu.Aikace-aikace na ascorbic acid ga marasa lafiya tare da dermatitis radiation da masu ƙonewa ba su da wani tasiri.Ascorbic acid shine mai kare hoto a cikin binciken UV na ɗan adam a cikin allurai sama da ƙaramin adadin erythema (MED).Wani kirim mai banƙyama wanda ya ƙunshi 5% Ascorbic Acid bai haifar da fahimtar fata ba a cikin batutuwan ɗan adam 103.Samfurin da ke ɗauke da 10% Ascorbic Acid ba shi da ƙarfi a cikin gwajin faci na kwanaki 4 akan fatar ɗan adam da kuma maganin fuska mai ɗauke da 10% Ascorbic Acid ba mai tuntuɓar lamba ba ne a cikin ƙimar haɓakawa akan mutane 26.Saboda tsari da kamanceceniya na aiki na waɗannan sinadarai, Kwamitin ya yi imanin cewa za a iya fitar da bayanai akan sinadarai guda ɗaya ga duka.Kwamitin Kwararru ya danganta binciken cewa Ascorbic Acid ya kasance genotoxic a cikin waɗannan ƴan tsarin tantancewa saboda kasancewar wasu sinadarai, misali, ƙarfe, ko wasu tsarin enzyme, waɗanda ke canza aikin antioxidant na Ascorbic Acid yadda ya kamata zuwa na pro-oxidant.Lokacin da Ascorbic acid yayi aiki azaman antioxidant, kwamitin ya yanke shawarar cewa ascorbic acid ba genotoxic bane.Taimakawa wannan ra'ayi shine nazarin ciwon daji da NTP ke gudanarwa, wanda ya nuna babu wata shaida na ciwon daji.An samo Ascorbic acid don hana yawan amfanin nitrosamine yadda ya kamata a cikin tsarin gwaji da yawa.Kwamitin ya sake nazarin binciken da Sodium Ascorbate ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kara kuzari a cikin dabbobi.An yi la'akari da waɗannan sakamakon da alaka da ƙaddamar da ions sodium da pH na fitsari a cikin dabbobin gwaji.An ga irin wannan tasiri tare da sodium bicarbonate.Saboda damuwa cewa wasu ions na ƙarfe na iya haɗawa da waɗannan sinadarai don samar da ayyukan pro-oxidant, kwamitin ya yi gargaɗin masu samar da kayan aikin su tabbata cewa waɗannan sinadarai suna aiki azaman antioxidants a cikin kayan kwalliya.Ƙungiyar ta yi imanin cewa ƙwarewar asibiti wanda aka yi amfani da Ascorbic Acid akan fata mai lalacewa ba tare da wani tasiri ba kuma gwajin maimaita-zagi (RIPT) ta amfani da 5% Ascorbic Acid tare da sakamako mara kyau yana goyan bayan gano cewa wannan rukunin sinadaran ba ya gabatar da hadarin kamuwa da fata.Waɗannan bayanan haɗe tare da rashi rahotanni a cikin wallafe-wallafen asibiti na Ascorbic Acid hankali yana goyan bayan amincin waɗannan abubuwan.